The Japanese Language contains 3 scripts - Hiragana, Katakana and Kanji. Hiragana and Katakana are Kana (Characters) Scripts and Kanji is a Script that contains the Graphical Characters. Kana is taught - both Hiragana, Katakana in the Basic course.
There are about 46 characters in each of the Kana Scripts (Hiragana and Katakana).
Hiragana is used to write the Japanese Native words where as Katakana is used to write words borrowed from Other Languages (especially English).
Now coming to the Kanji Script, there are about 50,000 Kanji Characters. Even the most native Japanese speakers know a fraction of 50,000 by heart. Infact Japanese students are required to learn only 2000 of them and about half of those are required to read a typical Japanese Newspaper.
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